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      <dc:title>Automated Classification of Chinese Books: A Large Language Model Approach to Knowledge Transfer and Domain Adaptation</dc:title>
      <dc:creator>Yang, Xin</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Jia, Junzhi</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Liu, Ying-Hsang</dc:creator>
      <dc:description>Automated subject indexing remains a critical challenge for digital libraries and knowledge organization systems. To address this issue, this study develops a knowledge-augmented domain adaptation framework that aligns general-purpose language models with the hierarchical logic of the Chinese Library Classification (CLC). A supervised fine-tuning (SFT) strategy is proposed to resolve domain knowledge drift and deep-category recognition bottlenecks in large language model (LLM)-based Chinese book indexing, using dual bibliographic and category data. Three evaluation experiments were conducted to assess the effectiveness of the proposed techniques for quantifying ontological contributions: hyperparameter sensitivity analysis for baseline establishment, backbone model comparison for architectural fitness, and knowledge injection ablation for. Results demonstrate that dual-data fine-tuning significantly enhances precision for long-tail and fine-grained categories. While ensuring high-quality output, the solution features low computational thresholds, robust local deployment, and high scalability, effectively internalizing knowledge organization systems within LLMs. By bridging the gap between classical theory and generative AI, this work provides a high-accuracy, institutionally autonomous solution for automated indexing, offering substantial theoretical and practical significance for the intelligent transformation of digital libraries.</dc:description>
      <dc:publisher>Dublin Core Metadata Initiative</dc:publisher>
      <dc:date>2026-09-10</dc:date>
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