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        <identifier>oai:dcpapers.dublincore.org:952109240</identifier>
        <datestamp>2008-09-10</datestamp>
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      <dc:title>The State of the Art in Tag Ontologies: A Semantic Model for  Tagging and Folksonomies</dc:title>
      <dc:creator>Kim, Hak Lae</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Scerri, Simon</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Breslin, John G.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Decker, Stefan</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Kim, Hong Gee</dc:creator>
      <dc:subject>tag</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>tagging</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>tagging ontology</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>folksonomy</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>semantic tagging</dc:subject>
      <dc:description>There is a growing interest on how we represent and share
                tagging data for the purpose of collaborative tagging systems. Conventional tags,
                however, are not naturally suited for collaborative processes. Being free-text
                keywords, they are exposed to linguistic variations like case (upper vs lower),
                grammatical number (singular vs. plural) as well as human typing errors.
                Additionally, tags depend on the personal views of the world by individual users,
                and are not normalized for synonymy, morphology or any other mapping. The bottom
                line of the problem is that tags have no semantics whatsoever. Moreover, even if a
                user gives some semantics to a tag while using or viewing it, this meaning is not
                automatically shared with computers since it’s not defined in a machine-readable
                way. With tagging systems increasing in popularity each day, the evolution of this
                technology is hindered by this problem. In this paper we discuss approaches to
                represent tagging activities at a semantic level. We present criteria for the
                comparison of existing tag ontologies and discuss their strengths and weaknesses in
                relation to these criteria.</dc:description>
      <dc:publisher>Dublin Core Metadata Initiative</dc:publisher>
      <dc:date>2008-09-10</dc:date>
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      <dc:identifier>https://doi.org/10.23106/dcmi.952109240</dc:identifier>
      <dc:identifier>https://dcpapers.dublincore.org/article/952109240</dc:identifier>
      <dc:source>Dublin Core Metadata Initiative Conference Proceedings</dc:source>
      <dc:language>en</dc:language>
      <dc:relation>https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68278038</dc:relation>
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